Jobs in management of companies have an average Still needs a human score of 66.0 out of 100 (higher is safer), 8.0 points below the average for all jobs of 74.0 and 30th of 37 among the sectors (1st is least exposed). The largest job here is general and operations managers (116,000 workers, 72/100 ↑ safer), and of the jobs more common here than across the economy, customer service representatives is the most exposed (51/100 ↑ safer).
66.0/100↑ safer
15.1%
28.7%
+4.1%
How the work here could shift
The share of workers in this sector whose job would sit in each band, from today to 2060.
Today
5%
of workers in this sector are in jobs that mostly need a person (our top band, Nah.)
0% are in jobs AI could largely do (Largely.)
By 2045
1%
of workers in this sector would still be in jobs that mostly need a person (our top band, Nah.)
89% would be in jobs AI could largely do (Largely.)
By 2060
1%
of workers in this sector would still be in jobs that mostly need a person (our top band, Nah.)
99% would be in jobs AI could largely do (Largely.)
Each job's score moves towards the bottom band (Largely: AI could largely do the job) by the year it could be largely automated, slowly at first and faster later, as adoption usually goes. Each job is run as ten scenarios across its replacement range, so every figure mixes early and late outcomes. The model stops at 2060. How the timeline works
Will AI replace the job?Largely.Mostly.Partly.A little.Nah.
Show the data
| Year | Largely | Mostly | Partly | A little | Nah |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today (2026) | 0.0% | 0.0% | 14.8% | 80.6% | 4.6% |
| 2030 | 0.0% | 5.9% | 63.7% | 28.1% | 2.3% |
| 2035 | 31.1% | 38.7% | 24.5% | 5.1% | 0.6% |
| 2040 | 67.9% | 24.5% | 5.8% | 1.3% | 0.6% |
| 2045 | 89.3% | 8.1% | 1.6% | 0.4% | 0.6% |
| 2050 | 95.6% | 3.2% | 0.2% | 0.4% | 0.6% |
| 2055 | 98.1% | 0.9% | 0.0% | 0.4% | 0.6% |
| 2060 | 98.8% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.4% | 0.6% |
The largest jobs in management of companies
| # | Job | Still needs a human | Evidence | Could be largely automated | Workers in the sector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | General and Operations Managers | 72↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2051 | 115,700 |
| 2 | Customer Service Representatives | 51↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2041 | 100,500 |
| 3 | Accountants and Auditors | 66↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2035–2047 | 97,500 |
| 4 | Software Developers | 62↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2034–2044 | 96,000 |
| 5 | Financial Managers | 67↑ saferAI replace? A little.workers of 3 related jobs | D | 2036–2048 | 87,399 |
| 6 | Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists | 54↑ saferAI replace? Partly.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2034–2042 | 69,100 |
| 7 | Human Resources Specialists | 61↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2035–2045 | 68,200 |
| 8 | Computer and Information Systems Managers | 67↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2048 | 67,900 |
| 9 | Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks | 60↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2035–2046 | 66,100 |
| 10 | Computer Systems Analysts | 59↑ saferAI replace? Partly.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2033–2042 | 56,200 |
Common jobs here that AI can do most of
| # | Job | Still needs a human | Evidence | Could be largely automated | Workers in the sector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Customer Service Representatives | 51↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2041 | 100,500 |
| 2 | Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists | 54↑ saferAI replace? Partly.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2034–2042 | 69,100 |
| 3 | Sales Representatives of Services, Except Advertising, Insurance, Financial Services, and Travel | 54↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2042 | 26,300 |
| 4 | Computer Programmers | 55↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2033–2041 | 3,100 |
| 5 | Web Developers | 55↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2033–2041 | 2,700 |
| 6 | Medical Records Specialists | 56↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2039–2049 | 13,800 |
| 7 | Web and Digital Interface Designers | 57↑ saferAI replace? Partly.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2033–2042 | 5,800 |
| 8 | Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products | 57↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2044 | 28,100 |
| 9 | Database Administrators | 58↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2033–2042 | 4,900 |
| 10 | Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents | 58↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2043 | 11,700 |
Common jobs here that most need a human
| # | Job | Still needs a human | Evidence | Could be largely automated | Workers in the sector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators | 88↑ saferAI replace? Nah. | D | 2044–2060+ | 3,400 |
| 2 | Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners | 86↑ saferAI replace? Nah. | D | 2046–2060+ | 6,400 |
| 3 | Home Health Aides | 85↑ saferAI replace? Nah. | D | 2045–2060+ | 3,100 |
| 4 | Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand | 84↑ saferAI replace? Nah.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2044–2060+ | 13,700 |
| 5 | Maintenance and Repair Workers, General | 83↑ saferAI replace? Nah. | D | 2046–2060+ | 21,600 |
| 6 | Security Guards | 80↑ saferAI replace? Nah. | D | 2042–2060+ | 9,000 |
| 7 | Personal Care Aides | 80↑ saferAI replace? Nah. | D | 2045–2060+ | 3,100 |
| 8 | Light Truck Drivers | 80↑ saferAI replace? Nah. | D | 2044–2060+ | 3,700 |
| 9 | Registered Nurses | 80↑ saferAI replace? Nah.workers of 5 related jobs | D | 2042–2060+ | 21,200 |
| 10 | Team Assemblers | 79↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2046–2060+ | 3,300 |
How this is worked out
- The average weights every job's Still needs a human score by how many people do it in this sector, from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' industry employment data. Jobs cover 98.2% of the sector's employment.
- Job scores are national: an accountant in retail scores the same as an accountant anywhere. The sector figure reflects its mix of jobs, not how its employers use AI; the Census figure shows that.