Jobs in software and IT services have an average Still needs a human score of 63.0 out of 100 (higher is safer), 11.0 points below the average for all jobs of 74.0 and 36th of 37 among the sectors (1st is least exposed). The largest job here is software developers (677,000 workers, 62/100 ↑ safer), and of the jobs more common here than across the economy, customer service representatives is the most exposed (51/100 ↑ safer).
63.0/100↑ safer
22.5%
44.9%
+13.3%
How the work here could shift
The share of workers in this sector whose job would sit in each band, from today to 2060.
Today
1%
of workers in this sector are in jobs that mostly need a person (our top band, Nah.)
0% are in jobs AI could largely do (Largely.)
By 2045
0%
of workers in this sector would still be in jobs that mostly need a person (our top band, Nah.)
97% would be in jobs AI could largely do (Largely.)
By 2060
0%
of workers in this sector would still be in jobs that mostly need a person (our top band, Nah.)
100% would be in jobs AI could largely do (Largely.)
Each job's score moves towards the bottom band (Largely: AI could largely do the job) by the year it could be largely automated, slowly at first and faster later, as adoption usually goes. Each job is run as ten scenarios across its replacement range, so every figure mixes early and late outcomes. The model stops at 2060. How the timeline works
Will AI replace the job?Largely.Mostly.Partly.A little.Nah.
Show the data
| Year | Largely | Mostly | Partly | A little | Nah |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Today (2026) | 0.0% | 0.0% | 22.1% | 77.3% | 0.5% |
| 2030 | 0.0% | 12.1% | 74.1% | 13.5% | 0.3% |
| 2035 | 42.9% | 40.0% | 16.3% | 0.8% | 0.1% |
| 2040 | 81.1% | 17.1% | 1.5% | 0.2% | 0.1% |
| 2045 | 97.0% | 2.7% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| 2050 | 99.3% | 0.5% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| 2055 | 99.7% | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| 2060 | 99.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.1% |
The largest jobs in software and IT services
| # | Job | Still needs a human | Evidence | Could be largely automated | Workers in the sector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Software Developers | 62↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2034–2044 | 677,400 |
| 2 | Computer User Support Specialists | 62↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2034–2045 | 184,300 |
| 3 | Computer and Information Systems Managers | 67↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2048 | 164,300 |
| 4 | Sales Representatives of Services, Except Advertising, Insurance, Financial Services, and Travel | 54↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2042 | 158,800 |
| 5 | Computer Systems Analysts | 59↑ saferAI replace? Partly.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2033–2042 | 138,900 |
| 6 | General and Operations Managers | 72↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2051 | 115,100 |
| 7 | Project Management Specialists | 66↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2035–2047 | 94,200 |
| 8 | Software Quality Assurance Analysts and Testers | 58↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2033–2042 | 72,700 |
| 9 | Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists | 54↑ saferAI replace? Partly.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2034–2042 | 68,700 |
| 10 | Customer Service Representatives | 51↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2041 | 66,800 |
Common jobs here that AI can do most of
| # | Job | Still needs a human | Evidence | Could be largely automated | Workers in the sector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Customer Service Representatives | 51↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2041 | 66,800 |
| 2 | Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists | 54↑ saferAI replace? Partly.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2034–2042 | 68,700 |
| 3 | Sales Representatives of Services, Except Advertising, Insurance, Financial Services, and Travel | 54↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2042 | 158,800 |
| 4 | Computer Programmers | 55↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2033–2041 | 32,200 |
| 5 | Web Developers | 55↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2033–2041 | 21,600 |
| 6 | Technical Writers | 56↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2036–2044 | 9,700 |
| 7 | Web and Digital Interface Designers | 57↑ saferAI replace? Partly.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2033–2042 | 34,400 |
| 8 | Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products | 57↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2034–2044 | 11,400 |
| 9 | Database Administrators | 58↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2033–2042 | 11,600 |
| 10 | Software Quality Assurance Analysts and Testers | 58↑ saferAI replace? Partly. | D | 2033–2042 | 72,700 |
Common jobs here that most need a human
| # | Job | Still needs a human | Evidence | Could be largely automated | Workers in the sector |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maintenance and Repair Workers, General | 83↑ saferAI replace? Nah. | D | 2046–2060+ | 3,300 |
| 2 | Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers | 78↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2045–2060+ | 4,900 |
| 3 | Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers | 76↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2045–2060+ | 3,100 |
| 4 | Chief Executives | 75↑ saferAI replace? A little.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2036–2051 | 12,200 |
| 5 | Architectural and Engineering Managers | 74↑ saferAI replace? A little.workers of 2 related jobs | D | 2036–2051 | 5,000 |
| 6 | General and Operations Managers | 72↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2051 | 115,100 |
| 7 | Sales Managers | 72↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2050 | 53,300 |
| 8 | Administrative Services Managers | 72↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2051 | 7,800 |
| 9 | Lawyers | 72↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2049 | 9,200 |
| 10 | Human Resources Managers | 71↑ saferAI replace? A little. | D | 2036–2050 | 10,800 |
Related sectors: Information, media, and telecommunications, Professional, scientific, and technical services, Call centers and business support
How this is worked out
- The average weights every job's Still needs a human score by how many people do it in this sector, from the Bureau of Labor Statistics' industry employment data. Jobs cover 99.0% of the sector's employment.
- Job scores are national: an accountant in retail scores the same as an accountant anywhere. The sector figure reflects its mix of jobs, not how its employers use AI; the Census figure shows that.